Effects of Increasing Student Enrolment on Teaching and Learning in Senior High Schools in Ghana: The Free Senior High School Policy in Retrospection

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Abstract Senior high school education in Ghana has experienced tremendous growth following the introduction of Free Senior High School (FSHS) policy. The corresponding increase student enrolment presents challenges to teaching and learning and academic performance, in general. In this study, 181 teachers were selected from six senior high schools (SHSs) within Ejisu Municipality using cluster sampling technique in order to examine how changes in student enrolment, following the implementation of the FSHS policy, has affected teaching and learning. The study adopted trend analysis with data analysed using SPSS. The findings showed an impressive steady increase in student enrolment. It was also found that academic performance of students generally dipped in the introductory years of the FSHS policy whiles some improvements were observed from 2019 forward. However, the study revealed that schools experienced challenges of classroom and dining hall congestions; inadequate teaching and learning materials; inadequate hostel infrastructure; and high student-teacher ratio among others. The study, among others, recommends a multi-stakeholder collaboration to salvage the infrastructure deficits and its associated challenges that characterise SHSs in Ghana.

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