COVID-19 vaccination trends and side effects among Egyptian hemodialysis patients: a multicenter survey study

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Abstract Background: Patients on chronic hemodialysis (CHD) for end stage kidney disease (ESKD) face unique circumstances that increase their risk of infection with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Vaccination may be a key intervention to prevent infection in these patients. This study aimed to determine the COVID-19 vaccination status in Egyptian CHD patients and analyze the safety and detailed side effect profile of COVID-19 vaccine among these patients. Methods:This survey-based study conducted on 670 ESRD patients on CHD at the period from 3 December 2021 to 5 February 2022. Subjects were asked about sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and therapeutic data, history of COVID-19 infection, associated symptoms and sequalae in addition to their COVID-19 vaccination status. If the subject had been vaccinated, we inquired about the type of vaccine and the side effects that occurred within few days after administrating of the first and second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. Additionally, subjects were inquired about the onset of side effects (days from vaccination), timing of maximum symptoms, intensity of symptoms and their effect on activity and need for medical attention.Results:The study included 670 CHD patients with mean age of 50.79 years ,58.1% were females. Of them, one hundred and seventy-three patients (25.8%) had previously been infected with COVID-19. About three fourths (72.2%) reported that healthcare providers (HCP) strongly endorsed COVID-19 vaccine. The vast majority (614; 91.6%) of the studied patients received 2 doses of the vaccine. AstraZeneca and Sinopharm were the most used vaccines (50.3% and 35.5% respectively). Side effects were commonly reported after the first dose than the second dose. The main general side effects that reported after the first dose were generalized weakness/fatigue (56%), headache (43.8%) and fever (40.4%). Sore arm/pain was reported in about one third (29.3%) after the first dose. Myalgia and generalized muscle pain was reported in 90 (14.7%) patients after the first dose and 9 (1.5%) after both doses. Anxiety (25.4%), psychological stress (12.9%), increase in sleep (9.3%), depression (2.8%) and decrease in memory (2%) were reported among recipients after the first dose and rarely reported after the second one. Adverse events mostly occurred within one day after vaccination and the maximum symptoms usually happened at the second day. The median duration of symptoms was 3 days with maximum duration up to 5 days. Only 4.2% required transient time off from work.Conclusions:Our preliminary findings support the favorable short term safety profile of COVID-19 vaccine among CHD patients and hence, can reassure both clinicians and patients, as well as promote further COVID-19 vaccine administration among these patients.

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