Psychosocial Factors Influencing Antiretroviral adherence for adolescents growing up with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

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Abstract Introduction: Poorer adherence to medication is very prevalent during adolescence and is among one of a range of risk-taking behaviors common during a developmental stage that encompasses enormous cognitive, physical, sexual, social and emotional change. For the youth living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) contributes to two significant challenges: first being poor health, and the second being the risk for additional burden attributed to onward transmission to partners. Late adolescence (15–19years) is the only age group where HIV associated mortality is rising, driven by poor adherence to ART and lack of access to second line therapy, particularly amongst surviving perinatally infected youth. The aim of this study was to determine the psychosocial factors that influence adherence to antiretroviral treatment among adolescents living with HIV in Muhoroni Sub County, Kisumu, Kenya. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done a period of December 2021 to March 2022 that focused on the 233 active adolescents who were on HIV care within the sub county. The study was performed at the three hospital with adolescent center care (Muhoroni sub county hospital, Masogo sub county hospital and Nyangoma sub county hospital) within Muhoroni sub county hospital in Kisumu County of Kenya Result:From the 233 adolescents 53.6% were female while 46.4% were male. There was high prevalence of HIV at the age of 18 with 75 (32.1%), followed by age 19 with 55 (23.6%), age 17 with 39 (16.7%), age 16 with 37 (15.9%) and lastly age 15 with 27 (11.6%). On drug adherence the adolescent had a good drug adherence of 86.3%, higher prevalence of depression among the female than the male under all the PHQ-9 score with 7 (3.0%) and 6 (2.6%) females having a depression of severe and moderate respectively was observed. Conclusions: This study provides an in-depth understanding of essential factors that were possibly responsible for managing the adolescents who are care and prolonging their life too

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