Prevalence and associated factors of acute diarrhea among under five children living in Hargeisa IDPs, Somaliland

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Abstract Background: In developing countries, diarrhea is the major cause for child death when children are less than five years’ old. Dehydration, malnutrition, delayed physical development and early childhood mortality are the major consequences of diarrheal diseases. In Somaliland, diarrheal diseases have been endemic and a major problem since 1994, with epidemics occurring annually. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess prevalence and risk factors of acute diarrhea among under five children living in Hargeisa IDPs, SomalilandMethods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted among mothers of under five children from August to September, 2020, in Hargeisa IDPs. 383 mothers were selected by using single population proportional formula. Data was entered, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 22. To explore association between variables, bivariate logistic regression was done for each independent variable with the dependent variable and those variables with a p-value of < 0.05 were adjusted into multivariate logistic regression. Finally, those variables having a P value < 0.05 were recognized as determinants of acute diarrheal disease.Results: The prevalence of diarrhea among under five children ling in Hargeisa IDPs was 51%. The children whose age older than one year [AOR= 3.586, 95% CI, 1.054, 12.196], didn’t breastfed exclusively [AOR= 4.006, 95% CI, 3.274, 4.596], didn’t met colostrum milk [AOR= 36.41, 95% CI, 24.312, 40.489], drinks water stored in Jerry-cans [AOR = 4.901 95% CI, 1.306, 8.387] and poorly practices hand washing [A0R = 5.739, 95% CI, 1.382, 7.822] were more likely to develop diarrhea than their respective contraparts. Conclusion: From this study we concluded that the prevalence of was very high (51%). Lack of awareness of exclusive breastfeeding and colostrum feeding, storing drinking water in unprotected container and poor hand washing practice were identified to be significance predictors for childhood diarrhea (P < 0.05).

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