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Prevalence and Determinants of Good Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Southeast Nigeria

Article scientifique 2026 Anglais

Résumé

Background Good glycemic control is important in preventing the onset and progression of diabetes-related complications. Significant proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Nigeria continue to experience suboptimal control. This study determines the prevalence and determinants of good glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 196 adults with T2DM attending UNTH Diabetes Clinic. Data were collected using a pretested questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS v27 with descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and logistic regression at p < 0.05. Results The mean age of participants was 62 ± 11 years, and females represented 60.2% of the study population, (48.0%) achieved good glycemic control and 52.0% had elevated FBG levels. Majority (44.4%) had lived with diabetes for more than 10 years, 38.3% were on oral hypoglycemic agents alone. Diabetes knowledge was generally poor (77%), with 19.9% could consistently afford prescribed medications. More than half (57.7%) demonstrated low medication adherence, and one-third (33.3%) occasionally forgot to take their drugs. Common complications included retinopathy (11.7%) and neuropathy (8.2%). Psychosocial distress was reported in 46.4% of participants, mainly due to anxiety and financial stress. Bivariate and multivariate analyses revealed that educational level (p = 0.000), employment status (p = 0.010), medication adherence (p = 0.040), and treatment type (p = 0.004) were significant determinants of good glycemic control. Conclusion Strengthening diabetes education, integrating mental health support, and improving medication access through primary healthcare and insurance are vital for better outcomes, aligning with the Nigeria NCD Strategic Plan (2023–2030) and WHO Global Diabetes Compact (2021).

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Stephanie, U., Omofuma, I., Pardeshi, N., Bajoria, R., Singh, A., Kenneth, O., Oyeniyi, D., Ike-Okpe, O., Marvellous, O., Ohams, E., Ruth, B., Terkimbi, S., N., O. (2026). Prevalence and Determinants of Good Glycemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Southeast Nigeria. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.179272.1

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Auteur(s)

Uzoefuna Adaobi Stephanie Iku Marcellus Omofuma Nidhi Parag Pardeshi Rimzim Sanjay Bajoria Asispal Singh Okeagu Kenneth Dotun Timilehin Oyeniyi Onyekachi Innocent Ike-Okpe Osarhiaekhimen Marvellous Emmanuel C. Ohams Bako Ruth Swase Dominic Terkimbi Onu Stella N.

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