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Essential Emergency and Critical Care as a health system response to critical illness and the COVID19 pandemic: What does it cost?

Article scientifique 2022 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) is a novel approach to the care of critically ill patients, focusing on first-tier, low-cost care and designed to be feasible even in low-resourced and low-staffed settings. This is distinct from advanced critical care, usually conducted in ICUs with specialised staff, facilities and technologies. This paper estimates the incremental cost of EECC and advanced critical care for the planning of care for critically ill patients in low resource settings with Kenya and Tanzania as case studies.The incremental costing took a health systems perspective. A normative approach based on the ingredients defined through the recently published global consensus on EECC was used. The setting was a district hospital in which the patient is provided with the definitive care typically provided at that level for their condition. Quantification of resource use was based on COVID-19 as a tracer condition using clinical expertise. Local prices were used where available, and all costs were converted to USD2020.The costs per patient day of EECC is estimated to be 1.01 USD, 10.83 USD and 32.84 USD in Tanzania and 1.76 USD, 14.86 USD and 37.43 USD in Kenya, for moderate, severe and critical COVID-19 patients respectively. The cost per patient day of advanced critical care is estimated to be 13.11 USD and 17.33 USD for severe and 297.30 USD and 369.64 USD for critical COVID-19 patients in Tanzania and Kenya, respectively.EECC, an approach of providing the essential care to all critically ill patients, is low-cost. The components of EECC are basic and universal and, when assessed against the existing gaps in critical care coverage and costs of advanced critical care, suggest that it should be a priority area of investment for health systems around the globe.

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Guinness, L., Kairu, A., Kuwawenaruwa, A., Khalid, K., Awadh, K., Were, V., Barasa, E., Shah, H., Baker, P., Schell, C., Baker, T. (2022). Essential Emergency and Critical Care as a health system response to critical illness and the COVID19 pandemic: What does it cost?. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1628806/v1

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Auteur(s)

Lorna Guinness Angela Kairu August Kuwawenaruwa Karima Khalid Khamis Awadh Vincent Were Edwine Barasa Hiral Shah Peter J. Baker Carl Otto Schell Tim Baker

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