Chemical Diversity of Essential Oils from Pinus Nigra Arn. Subspecies Growing in Tunisia
Résumé
Abstract Background: The aim of this study was the determination of chemical diversity of Pinus nigra Arn essential oils. The work was conducted on needles collected from eighteen provenances of Black pine grown in common garden located in West-Northern Tunisia and belonging to four different subspecies (P. nigra subsp. nigra, P. nigra subsp. salzmannii, P. nigra subsp. pallasiana and P. nigra subsp. laricio). The GC analysis was carried out with a Gas Chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometry. Results: Oil yields ranged from 0.19% to 0.68%. Twenty-three constituents accounting about 98% of total oil composition were identified. The essential oil compositions appeared to be very different in the different provenances. There appear to be five basic essential oil chemotypes in P. nigra plants investigated: caryophllene oxide, camphene, β caryophyllene, α amorphene and Germacrene D. Oils from nigra subsp. were the richest in α-pinene.Conclusions: this study showed that the analyzed oils belonged to five different chemotypes. Caryophyllene oxide was the main component of almost studied oils.
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